When to suspect?
Migraine is the most common type of headache for which a patient seeks physician assistance. It is rightly said that not all headaches are Migraines. So the first aim of a physician is to diagnose whether the headache is actually Migraine or not. The diagnosis depends upon the clinical features as reported by the patients. Any headache that is pulsatile in character, unilateral (one-sided), associated with nausea and or vomiting, moderate or severe in intensity so that the patient had to avoid his activities of daily living and gets increased with activity can be diagnosed as Migraine headache.

Cause of Migraine Headaches
Though Migraine as a cause of headaches has been known seen ages, however still anything can't be said conclusively about the actual etiological cause of Migraine Headaches. The latest research papers quote irritation of neuro-vascular systems (Trigemino-cervical complex) especially in the region of the neck and posterior part of your brain as a possible etiological cause of Migraine disorders. Certain factors like fasting, traveling, certain food items, etc can act as triggering agents provoking the onset of headache attacks. These factors are individualized and are needed to be identified and stopped.

Treatment 
Treatment involves abolishing headache attacks as well as preventing the onset of attacks in the future. Medications are divided into two categories: the first one involves the use of pain killers to suppress pain attacks and the second one involves the use of preventive medications to decrease the frequency of attacks in the future.
In addition, in patients who can't be managed on medications alone, we have Interventional pain management options like Nerve blocks, Botox injections, Radiofrequency procedures which aim at blocking the irritation of neuro-vascular systems.